印尼22座火山活動增加，警報提升

22座火山活動增加，警報提升
Increased activity at 22 volcanoes, alert raised
Adianto P. Simamora,
The Jakarta Post, Jakarta |
Sat, 09/03/2011 8:00 AM
Translation by Autumnson Blog

The government has requested that local administrations remain on the alert for severe risks of volcanic eruptions, as the number of volcanoes showing abnormal activity continued to raise.
政府為嚴重的火山爆發風險已要求本地政府保持高度警覺，因為呈現異常活動的火山數量不斷上高。
As of Friday, activity in 22 volcanoes was categorized as above normal, with six at alert level three and 16 at level two. Volcano status ranges from level one, which is normal, to four, which is the highest alert.
截至上週五，22個火山的活動被歸類為正常以上，有六個在三級警報和16個在二級。火山狀態範圍從正常的一級至最高警戒的四級。
The Volcanology and Geophysical Disaster Mitigation Center (PVMBG) raised the status of Papandayan, one of the major tourist destinations in Garut, West Java, to alert level three on Friday.
火山學和地球物理學減災中心（PVMBG）提升Papandayan的狀態，那是西爪哇Garut的其中一個主要旅遊目的地，週五提升至三級警報。
“There were 48 shallow volcanic earthquakes detected, with one deep volcanic earthquake and a white cloud emitted as high as 20 meters on Thursday,” National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) spokesman Sutopo Purwo Nugroho said.
“有48次淺層火山地震被測獲，與星期四的一次深層火山地震和白雲排放高達 20米，”國家災難管理署（BNPB）發言人 Sutopo Purwo努格羅說。
Sutopo added that his office had prepared contingency plans to anticipate worst-case scenarios if
Papandayan erupts.

“If Papandayan erupts, it would impact 171,744 people living in the five subdistricts and 20 villages,” he said.

Indonesia has been dubbed the world’s most disaster-prone country for its frequent earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, floods and droughts.

Indonesia lies in the “Ring of Fire”, where dozens of volcanoes are still active.

A 2011 report from the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UN-ISDR) ranked Indonesia the third-most prone nation out of 153 countries for earthquakes, with 11,056,806 people exposed.

It said that earthquake hazards could potentially cause a loss of US$79.13 billion to the nation’s GDP.

A 2010 report from the World Bank ranks Indonesia as 12th among countries with relatively high mortality risks from the multiple hazards.

Mount Merapi, which erupted last year, caused a financial loss of Rp 3.59 trillion.

Sutopo said that his office had transferred Rp 444 billion to the Public Works Ministry to accelerate the rebuilding of infrastructure damaged by Mt. Merapi.

“From that money, some Rp 232 billion was used to rebuild roads and bridges,” he said.

The eruption of Mt. Merapi damaged at least 23 bridges, including Pabelan bridge connecting Yogyakarta and Magelang.

On Thursday, the government elevated the status of three volcanoes: Tombora, Lewatobi Perempuan and Anak Rakana in Nusa Tenggara.

Tombora, in Bima Regency, experienced 14 shallow volcanic earthquakes.

Tambora erupted in 1815, killing about 71,000.

The eruption emitted some 100 cubic kilometers of volcanic material across Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Java and Maluku.

Activity at Lewotobi Perempuan in Flores increased as well, experiencing 24 earthquakes on Thursday. There were only five the day before.

Lewotobi last erupted in 1935.

The UN ISDR also ranked Indonesia first out of 265 countries for tsunami hazards, with over five million people exposed.

http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/09/03/increased-activity-22-volcanoes-alert-raised.html