「遊日輻射超標」 留言屬流言？
經濟日報 –
22小時前
【經濟日報專訊】日本核事故發生至今逾半年，不少港人已遺忘，但近月社交網站及討論區出現恐慌性「流言」，稱有港人遊日回港，在機場檢查發現身體輻射超標，回港後醫生忠告兩年內、甚至一生不能生育，更有孕婦胎兒被驗出全身生水泡。
流言已令部分曾經赴日的港人恐慌擬求醫檢驗；香港核醫學會會長魏偉達醫生直指流言不可信。
fb及親子王國等熱傳
社交網站facebook和親子王國最近「流言」紛飛，網民Ida Chan在facebook說，看到朋友的留言，指有友人到日本度蜜月後，在機場自願性檢查輻射，結果太太無事，丈夫的輻射量卻超標，回港後看醫生，並叫他們兩年內也不要生育。留言獲得不少網民回應，不少人表示驚慌及和應，有人稱「有朋友去九州都話超標」。
但保安局回應指，本港機場早在5月已停止為入境旅客進行自願輻射檢查。
另有人在fb和應說，一名朋友的親戚在懷孕6個月時到東京旅行，行程前胎兒正常，但回港後到醫生處覆診，卻發現胎兒在母體內全身出了水泡，且更有血在水泡內，醫生建議他們將胎兒拿出。
又有人稱數名到日本的朋友都中招，出現如皮膚、腸胃不適，或是頭昏、嘔吐，聲稱經醫生診斷因身體有過多輻射。
上周剛與丈夫到北海道旅行回港的嚴小姐向本報稱，最近收到類同留言的轉載，擔心夫妻兩人受輻射影響，因未來一、兩年擬生育，故打算做檢查求安心。
對於網上的流言，香港核醫學會會長魏偉達醫生認為流言不可信。他以治療甲狀腺亢進或癌症為例，如甲亢病人要用高達3.7億貝可的放射性碘治療，甲狀腺癌症患者更要用29.6億貝可的放射性碘治療，但醫生也僅會要求他們不要在半年內生育，而這些治療已有50年歷史，醫學界並沒有發現利用放射性碘治療的病人，不育或生畸胎的比率較一般人高。
「媽媽一早頂不住」
魏指，港人遊日最多逗留短時間，且現時日本大部分地區的輻射水平已下降至低水平，故流言指會影響生育的說法並不可信。
婦產科專科醫生靳嘉仁也指，如胎兒因輻射出現水泡，那麼輻射量要非常高，幾乎要身處在核意外現場才會受這樣嚴重影響：「輻射要穿過衣服、皮膚、肌肉、脂肪、子宮、胎盤、胎水，好多層才會令胎兒有水泡，要過這麼多重，那輻射量要好勁，但可能媽媽已一早頂不住死了。」
http://hk.news.yahoo.com/%E9%81%8A%E6%97%A5%E8%BC%BB%E5%B0%84%E8%B6%85%E6%A8%99-%E7%95%99%E8%A8%80%E5%B1%AC%E6%B5%81%E8%A8%80-224527490.html
福島站排出的輻射多於估計
Fukushima Station Discharged More Radiation Than Estimated
October 27, 2011, 4:45 AM EDT
By Tsuyoshi Inajima
(Updates with NISA comment in fifth paragraph.)
Oct. 27 (Bloomberg) -- The wrecked Fukushima nuclear plant in Japan may have released more than twice the amount of radiation estimated by the Japanese government, a study by European and U.S.-based scientists said.
10月27日（彭博） - 被毀壞的日本福島核電廠可能已釋出超過兩倍日本政府估計的輻射量，由一項歐洲和美國的科學家的研究說。
Tokyo Electric Power Co.’s Fukushima station, which was wrecked in the March 11 earthquake and tsunami, may have emitted 35,800 terabecquerels of radioactive cesium 137 at the height of the disaster, according to a study in the Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics journal. Japan’s nuclear regulator in June said 15,000 terabecquerels of cesium 137 was discharged.
The amount is about 42 percent of that released at Chernobyl in 1986, the worst civil atomic disaster in history, according to the study. The plant north of Tokyo may have also started releasing radioactive elements before the tsunami arrived about 45 minutes after the magnitude-9 quake struck, contradicting government assessments.
“This early onset of emissions is interesting and may indicate some structural damage to the reactor units during the earthquake,” according to the report.
Japan’s Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency remains convinced the quake didn’t cause significant damage to the plant, Tadashige Koitabashi, a NISA spokesman, said by phone. He declined to comment on the report.
NISA and Tepco blame the tsunami, which swamped backup generators, causing a loss of cooling and the meltdowns of the three reactors operating at the time of the disaster. Explosions at the plant sent radiation into the atmosphere.
輻射影响
Radiation Effects
Cesium 137 is a source of concern for public health because the radioactive isotope has a half-life of 30 years.
A becquerel represents one radioactive decay per second and involves the release of atomic energy, which can damage human cells and DNA. Prolonged exposure to radiation can cause leukemia and other forms of cancer, according to the World Nuclear Association. A terabecquerel is one million times one million becquerels.
Almost a fifth of the cesium 137 fallout fell on Japan, while the remainder was carried by prevailing winds over the Pacific Ocean, according to the study.
Areas around the Fukushima Dai-Ichi plant, which is still emitting radioactive materials, may be uninhabitable for at least two decades, according to a government estimate in August.
輻射釋放
Radiation Release
The study led by Andreas Stohl, an atmospheric scientist at the Norwegian Institute for Air Research, was released on the website of Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions. The authors used readings from stations around the world to assess the amount of radiation release.
Japanese government officials and the utility known as Tepco haven’t updated figures on radiation from the Fukushima Dai-Ichi station. Tepco said last week the amount of radiation being released has fallen to about 8 million times less than at the height of the disaster.
“We don’t need to add much to what was emitted in the early days,” Yasuo Kosaku, an official in NISA’s nuclear emergency division, said by phone today. Still, “the June estimate may have to be revised.”
The government plans to update the estimate, Goshi Hosono, the minister in charge of responding to the disaster, said in August.
The scientists provided other analysis that questions official assessments.
四號反應堆
Reactor 4
The levels of cesium 137 emissions “suddenly dropped” after Tepco started spraying water on the spent fuel pool of the No. 4 reactor, they said. Reactor 4 was idle before the quake and the fuel assemblies in the core had been placed in the spent fuel pool of the unit.
“This indicates that emissions were not only coming from the damaged reactor cores, but also from the spent fuel pool of unit 4,” the report said.
Fukushima also discharged 16.7 million terabecquerels of xenon 133, “ the largest radioactive noble gas release in history not associated with nuclear bomb testing,” the study said.
The government estimated in June 11 million terabecquerels of the radioactive particle was released from the plant.
Xenon 133 has a half life of 5.2 days and is relatively harmless, Tetsuo Ito, the head of Kinki University’s Atomic Energy Research Institute, said by phone.
--With assistance from Makoto Miyazaki in Tokyo. Editors: Aaron Sheldrick, Drew Gibson
To contact the reporter on this story: Tsuyoshi Inajima in Tokyo at tinajima@bloomberg.net
To contact the editors responsible for this story: Aaron Sheldrick at asheldrick@bloomberg.net; Amit Prakash at aprakash1@bloomberg.net
http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-10-27/fukushima-station-discharged-more-radiation-than-estimated.html
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