五角大樓的最新項目：喪屍

五角大樓的最新項目：喪屍
The Pentagon's Newest Project: ZombiesJun 16, 2010 09:20 PM

Suspended animation in roundworm (nematod) embryo - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
蛔蟲（線蟲）胚胎的假死 - 弗雷德哈欽森癌症研究中心
西元2010年06月10日


The scientist responsible for some of the Pentagon's wildest research has devised methods that could one day save trauma patients, and even extend the shelf life of transplant organs. Step one: Suffocate the wounded. Step two: Put ‘em on ice.
科學家負責一些五角大樓的最瘋狂研究已設計一些方法，可能某一天拯救創傷患者，和甚至延長移植器官的保質期。步驟 1：窒息傷者。步2：把他們放在冰上。
Mark Roth, a biochemist at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, has been working on suspended animation - inspired by the processes of animal hibernation - for years now. In 2005, with funding from Pentagon far-out research arm Darpa, Roth managed to reanimate rats suffering from massive blood loss, using hydrogen sulfide to knock them out and curb their oxygen consumption.
一位在弗雷德哈欽森癌症研究中心的生化學家馬克羅斯，一直致力工作於假死 - 靈感來自動物冬眠的過程 - 多年。在 2005年，有來自美國國防部違反傳統研究分支達爾帕的資助，羅斯設法復活患上大量失血的老鼠，使用硫化氫去敲打它們出並制止它們的耗氧量。
Since then, Roth has made significant progress. His hydrogen sulfide procedure has completed phase 1 of the three clinical trials required before FDA approval. And he's moved onto a new, related method that could boost trauma survival even more effectively.
從那時起，羅斯已取得重大進展。他的硫化氫程序已完成在美國 FDA批准之前，第一期要求的3次臨床試驗。和他移動到一個新的、相關的方法，甚至更有效地可促進創傷生存。
"A lot of animals hibernate through the winter, and they share two key features: They get really cold, and they use very little oxygen," he tells Danger Room. "So we wanted to know ‘what's the relationship between those two features'"?
“許多動物冬眠渡過冬季，和它們分享兩個關鍵特性：它們得到真正的寒冷，及它們使用很少的氧氣，”他告訴危險室。 “因此，我們想知道'這兩個特性有什麼關係'”？
By studying brewer's yeast and nematode worm embryos, Roth and his team determined that "a coordination of life processes," reacted in sync - and kept the organism alive - after oxygen was reduced and their temperatures were lowered. In his tests, 66 percent of the yeast and 97 percent of the nematodes outlasted the cold exposure - and were good as new, once reheated and exposed to oxygen.
通過研究啤酒的酵母和線蟲的胚胎，羅斯和他的隊伍認為定：“生命過程的一個協調，”同步反應 - 並保持有機體生存 - 在氧氣降低和它們的溫度降低後。在他的測試中，66%的酵母和97%的線蟲熬過寒冷的暴露 - 並完好如新，一旦加熱和接觸氧氣。
Though the precise mechanism by which the process works hasn't been pinpointed, the team observed that "certain sub-cellular processes are going on, but really shouldn't be," Roth says.
雖然準確的機制，賴此程序的工作沒有被定點目標，小組觀察到，“某些子細胞過程仍在進行，但真實地不應該，”羅斯說。
Roth's Darpa-funded research might come in handy as he works out the kinks in this new procedure. Since hydrogen sulfide reduces an organism's consumption of oxygen, it might be just the compound to use prior to putting people, or organs, into the deep freeze.
羅斯的達爾帕資助研究可能會派上用場，因為他作出扭結在這新程序中。由於硫化氫降低生物體的氧氣消耗，它可能剛是那化合物用於在輕擊人們或器官，進入深層凍結之前。
Once mastered, the method would buy time for trauma patients, including heart attack victims and those suffering massive blood loss. Of course, that's where the Pentagon's interest lies: keeping injured troops alive until they can get adequate medical treatment.
一旦掌握，方法將為創傷病人購買時間，包括心髒病發作的受害者和那些遭受大量失血的。當然，這正是五角大樓的興趣所在於：保持受傷部隊活著，直到他們能得到足夠的醫療服務。
It could also help doctors make the most of therapeutic hypothermia, the process of cooling down patients with the intent of improving their odds of survival and preventing brain and organ damage. Roth foresees a drug that could combine the right sequence of oxygen deprivation and hypothermia, without dangerous side effects that can accompany the procedure.
它還可以幫助醫生作大部份的最低溫治療，病人的降溫過程有改善生存機率的意圖，和防止大腦及器官損害。羅斯預見一種藥物，可以結合缺氧和低溫的正確序列，而在過程中沒有危險的副作用。
Not only could Roth's research save lives and revolutionize organ transplant surgeries, but it also pares survival down to its smallest iota. "The underlying relationship between living and dying," Roth says, "really has to do with this proper order of these cellular relationships."
不僅羅斯的研究能拯救生命，和器官移植手術帶來革命，而它亦縮減生存至最小的絲毫。 “生存和死亡中之間的基本關係，”羅思說，“真實的和這些細胞關係的正確序列有關。”
http://gizmodo.com/5565577/pentagon-zombie+makers-new-project-suffocate-freeze-reanimate

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