'Fountains' of methane 1,000m across erupt from Arctic ice - a greenhouse gas 30 times more potent than carbon dioxide
'Methane fields on a scale not seen before' - researcher
“之前從沒見過這一規模的甲烷田” - 研究員
More than 100 fountains, but could be 'thousands'
超過100個噴泉，但可能是“數千”
Could cause rapid climate change
能導致急速的氣候變化
Last updated at 7:01 PM on 13th December 2011
Translation by Autumnson Blog
The Russian research vessel Academician Lavrentiev conducted a survey of 10,000 square miles of sea off the coast of eastern Siberia.
俄羅斯研究船院士Lavrentiev在西伯利亞東部海岸一千平方哩進行調查。
They made a terrifying discovery - huge plumes of methane bubbles rising to the surface from the seabed.
他們做出一個可怕的發現 - 巨大的甲烷氣泡羽從海底上升到表面。
'We found more than 100 fountains, some more than a kilometre across,' said Dr Igor Semiletov, 'These are methane fields on a scale not seen before. The emissions went directly into the atmosphere.'
“我們發現超過100個噴泉，略多於跨過一公里，”伊戈爾 Semiletov博士說，“這些都是以前沒有見過那般規模的甲烷田，直接排放進入大氣層。“
遠東西伯利亞：海下的“凍土層”融化已釋放大量的甲烷 - 遠遠比陸地上的任何東西突然和激烈
Earlier research conducted by Semiletov's team had concluded that the amount of methane currently coming out of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf is comparable to the amount coming out of the entire world’s oceans.
由Semiletov小組進行的較早期研究已作出結論，目前從東西伯利亞北極大陸架釋出的甲烷量，與整個世界海洋的數量有得比較。
Now Semiletov thinks that could be an underestimate.
現在 Semiletov認為那可能被低估了。
The melting of the arctic shelf is melting 'permafrost' under the sea, which is releasing methane stored in the seabed as methane gas.
北極大陸架的融化正在融化海下的“凍土層”，這釋放了儲存在海底的甲烷成為甲烷氣體。
These releases can be larger and more abrupt than any land-based release. The East Siberian Arctic Shelf is a methane-rich area that encompasses more than 2 million square kilometers of seafloor in the Arctic Ocean.
被困在冰中的甲烷氣泡：通常情況下，從海底的氣泡在到達地面之前轉成二氧化碳，但東西伯利亞北極大陸架是那麽淺，甲烷直接排入大氣層
'Earlier we found torch or fountain-like structures like this,' Semiletov told the Independent. 'This is the first time that we've found continuous, powerful and impressive seeping structures, more than 1,000 metres in diameter. It's amazing.'
'Over a relatively small area, we found more than 100, but over a wider area, there should be thousands of them.'
Semiletov's team used seismic and acoustic monitors to detect methane bubbles rising to the surface.
Scientists estimate that the methane trapped under the ice shelf could lead to extremely rapid climate change.
Current average methane concentrations in the Arctic average about 1.85 parts per million, the highest in 400,000 years. Concentrations above the East Siberian Arctic Shelf are even higher.
The shelf is shallow, 50 meters or less in depth, which means it has been alternately submerged or above water, depending on sea levels throughout Earth’s history.
During Earth’s coldest periods, it is a frozen arctic coastal plain, and does not release methane.
As the planet warms and sea levels rise, it is inundated with seawater, which is 12-15 degrees warmer than the average air temperature.
In deep water, methane gas oxidizes into carbon dioxide before it reaches the surface. In the shallows of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf, methane simply doesn’t have enough time to oxidize, which means more of it escapes into the atmosphere.
That, combined with the sheer amount of methane in the region, could add a previously uncalculated variable to climate models.
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2073686/Fountains-methane-1-000m-erupt-Arctic-ice--greenhouse-gas-30-times-potent-carbon-dioxide.html
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