黃石仙境
2011-12-09
NASA的地球資源衛星在黃石公園的老忠實下發現問題
NASA's Landsat finds problems under Yellowstone's Old Faithful
NancyBy Nancy Houser
Dec 8, 2011 in Science
Translation by Autumnson Blog
Yellowstone National Park - NASA's Landsat satellites have been tracking Yellowstone's underground geothermal activity, a deep heat that is stored 4,000 miles into the earth's core. But there are areas where these energy levels are becoming erratic. Old Faithful could be in trouble.
黃石國家公園 - 美國宇航局的Landsat衛星一直在跟踪黃石公園的地下地熱活動，即一種深層的熱量儲存在進入地核的4000英里。但有地區中這些能量水平正在變得不穩定的，老忠實可能有麻煩了。
The Landsat Program is jointly managed by NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey, beginning its services of remote sensing in 1972. It became part of the Yellowstone National Park's new monitoring plan in 2005. In addition to remote sensing, Landsat also uses airborne reconnaissance in order to "observe geothermal changes across all of Yellowstone in a systematic and scientific manner." (NASA)
Up until recently, the heat coming from Yellowstone's underground magma chamber has always been the fuel for over 10,000 of the volcano's features: Old faithful, hot springs, geysers, mud spots, terraces and mud pots. But NASA is reporting that the Landsat imagery has picked up some unexpected developments outside the park's borders, also picked up by energy companies beyond the park's borders.
直到最近，來自黃石地下岩漿室的熱量，已經常是超過火山特色的燃料10,000度：老忠實、溫泉、間歇泉、泥點、梯田和泥盆。但美國航空航天局正在報告，Lansat圖像已獲得公園邊界外的一些意想不到發展，能源公司亦有獲得超出公園邊界的。
"If that geothermal development outside of the park begins, we need to know whether that's going to cause Old Faithful to suddenly stop spewing," says Rick Lawrence of Montana State University.
“如果公園外的地熱發展開始，我們需要知道這是否會導致老忠實突然停止噴湧，”蒙大拿州立大學的里克勞倫斯說。
The park had funded a study on the unexpected geothermal activity, looking for a new perspective on the developing event. The results will be presented in San Francisco, Calif., on Friday, Dec 9, 2011, at the American Geophysical Union conference. Visible light and heat-sensitive Landsat data channels were used in the study by Lawrence and his co-author, Shannon Savage.
公園已資助一項對意想不到的地熱活動的研究，在發展中的事件尋找一個新觀點。結果將在2011年12月9日週五在加州三藩市美國地球物理聯合會會議中介紹。可見的光和熱敏感的Landsat數據通道會在研究中被使用，由勞倫斯和他的合著者香野人。
To get a better view of what was going on in Yellowstone, the Landsat satellites imagery were used in the study because it was circling above the area at 438 miles, getting a much better view of the entire area. Additionally, the satellites had several decades of data they could use to observe the land's surface and its heat energy.
密涅瓦梯田和泉水，黃石國家公園內猛獁溫泉的一部分。
What makes Yellowstone unique is that the energy Landsat is able to pick up includes not only the heat that has been absorbed through the sun, but also the geothermal energy the earth produces by itself. The satellite's imagery found that one of the geothermal spots, Minerva Terraces, collapsed when the hot bubbling water beneath it stopped flowing. The images that were observed from 1998 to 1999 showed that correlation of the heat and energy in the area.
About the time this was going on, one individual happened to see a geothermal explosion occur, causing rocks to fly everywhere. But in areas where it was supposed to remain hot, the temperature actually went down temporarily before coming back up. (PhysOrg)
The Landsat satellite allows the scientists to recognize big changes occurring in the geothermal area, like Yellowstone. However, nobody knows what is happening or where due to the satellite's large pixel size in its imagery. But clues are being found regarding the interconnection of the underground geothermal events. The goal is to obtain higher resolution in future thermal data. NASA's next Landsat satellite, the Landsat Data Continuity Mission, will have a new thermal instrument on it for use in 2013 to add to Yellowstone's geothermal record.
The Landsat Program
地球資源衛星項目
2009-01-17
The Landsat Program is a series of Earth-observing satellite missions jointly managed by NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey. Since 1972, Landsat satellites have collected information about Earth from space.
Landsat項目是一系列的地球觀測的衛星任務，由美國宇航局和美國地質調查局聯合管理。自1972年以來，Landsat衛星已從太空收集有關地球的信息。
http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/315763#ixzz1gWCxMYqk
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