The pills set to make you WANT to exercise more, quit smoking and stay faithful to your partner
By Brian Clark Howard
Last updated at 7:46 AM on 9th May 2011
Translation by Autumnson Blog
Science fiction writers have often imagined a world where pop pill to cure or curb a range of ills.
科幻作家經常幻想一個世界，在那裡流行藥丸會治療或遏制一範籌的病。
But, according to a new book The Compass Of Pleasure, that futuristic world may not be far off.
但根據一本新書樂趣指南，未來主義的世界可能並不遙遠。
The book, by Johns Hopkins University neuroscientist David J. Linden, explores the search for drugs that may alter behaviour by working on the brain.
由約翰霍普金斯大學的神經學家戴維 J林登的書探討藥品的搜查，那可能會改變行為透過在大腦的工作。
魔法藥丸：新書樂趣指南提議新藥可改變我們的行為，阻礙成癮和加強關係
These drugs are often called 'psychopharmaceuticals', and they can be used to stop smoking, quit drinking, ward off midnight cravings or even stay faithful to our spouse.
這些藥物通常被稱為'心理製藥'，和它們可被用來戒菸、戒酒、抵禦午夜熱望或甚至對我們的配偶仍然忠實。
Critics argue that it is dangerous to meddle in human behaviour, which has many nuances and factors that are poorly understood.
批評家爭論，干預人類行為是危險的，其中有許多細微差別和因素都是了解甚少的。
There is also the possibility for harmful side effects, as anyone who has seen a pharmaceutical ad on TV might suspect.
亦有可能產生有害的副作用，正如任何人在電視上看過藥品廣告可能會懷疑的。
Further, could behavior-altering drugs become tools of criminals, or even terrorists.
此外，改變行為的藥物可能成為犯罪分子、或甚至是恐怖分子的工具。
信任液體：賣30元四份一盎司，一種催產素為基的噴霧，據說提供'信任的力量，
The book's author, Mr Linden, told the New York Post that the emerging field poses several important ethical questions.
He said: 'Do you honestly think that the FDA will approve a drug to keep men from cheating? I don't think so.
'Even if a drug had no side effects, if it was the perfect drug, I don't think society is going there.'
However, Mr Linden misses the fact that the FDA has no jurisdiction over drugs made in other countries, which are already the source of millions of pills routinely smuggled into this country, often through legal mail services via online orders.
While Merck or Eli Lilly might not be marketing No Cheat in the next few years, it could conceivably appear on the black market, fuelled by the anxiety of worried lovers.
When it comes to such a class of compounds, an early entrant to the legal market is a product called Liquid Trust, which is said to be based on the natural hormone oxytocin, sometimes called the 'cuddle hormone'.
Scientists know oxytocin is released after sex and during breast feeding, and it is thought to play a role in bonding between people.
Liquid Trust, which sells for $30 for a quarter of an ounce, is said to offer 'the power of trust', based on a study that found a nasal spray of oxytocin seemed to increase trusting behavior.
However, there is a lack of evidence that Liquid Trust will produce the desired effect in the real world, and Mr Linden has expressed skepticism that a room spray could deliver enough concentration of oxytocin to make an impact on behavior.
Other possible psychopharmaceuticals cited by Mr Linden include those that may one day interrupt or re-route the body's natural pleasure processes.
Such pills could therefore help end the cravings that lead to negative behaviors like smoking, drinking too much alcohol, taking illegal drugs or even over eating.
Mr Linden points to the current drug Naltrexone, which is thought to block the brain's opiod receptors for drugs like heroin and alcohol.
In other words, after taking Naltrexone, a user no longer feels the effect of the heroin or alcohol.
Could other future pharmaceuticals have even more significant effects on behaviors?
It's hard to say, but current research suggests the possibilities are substantial.
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1384904/Psychopharmaceuticals-Pills-set-make-WANT-exercise-eat-less.html#ixzz1Ls8Gitat
美開發出磁性納米粒子可控制動物行為
精神控制？科學家們已發現如何利用納米粒子去遙控行為！
沒有留言:
發佈留言