長期攝入膠體銀有銀中毒危險
澳大利亞藥物不良反應諮詢委員會(ADRAC)收到4例因服用自製膠體銀(金屬銀微小顆粒的混懸液)而導致的銀中毒的報告:
● 1例5歲男孩,每天攝入膠體銀,數月後皮膚及舌頭呈灰色,肝功能異常。
● 1例老年男性,每天喝膠體銀,6個月後因虛弱疲乏、皮膚變藍、擴張性心肌病、健忘、語無倫次入院治療。
●另1例老年男性,服用“膠體銀髮生器”製造的液體,4年後皮膚呈灰色。
● 1例成年男性,每天服用自製的膠體銀,並且在剃須後局部應用,3年後全身皮膚變色。
上述4例患者的血漿銀濃度均比健康者高出許多倍(已報告的本底水平最高2.3 μg/L)。
長期攝入或局部吸收銀中毒(包括膠體銀)主要引起銀質沉著病,表現為不可逆的全身皮膚上皮下層藍-灰色變;晚期皮膚全層、深部組織、黏膜、指甲、結膜、角質層、晶狀體均可被累及。
銀質沉著病皮膚改變可能被誤診為紫紺、正鐵血紅蛋白血症或血色病。銀中毒的其他表現包括周圍神經病、癲癇發作及血液、心、肝、腎毒性。
ADRAC未收到與合法的含銀治療產品相關的銀質沉著病報告,例如用於局部治療新生兒結膜炎的硝酸銀、治療燒傷的磺胺嘧啶銀等。 ADRAC警告,沒有證據支持銀製劑的安全性、有效性或營養價值,無論是銀鹽還是膠體銀。
http://www.cmt.com.cn/article/071108/a071108a0502.htm
物質安全資料表
http://www.tajen.edu.tw/~oshc/MSDS/SDS970707/0367.pdf
銀的生物性效果
Biological effects of silver
(Wikipedia)
Silver and silver compounds have an oligodynamic effect and are toxic for bacteria, algae and fungi in vitro. The oligodynamic effect is typical for heavy metals like lead or mercury, but among the elements that have this effect, silver is the least toxic for humans. It is established that the antibacterial action of silver is dependent on the silver ion.[13]
The effectiveness of silver compounds as an antiseptic is based on the ability of the biologically active silver ion (Ag+) to irreversibly damage key enzyme systems in the cell membranes of pathogens.[13]It has long been known that antibacterial action of silver is enhanced by the presence of an electric field. Applying a few volts of electricity across silver electrodes drastically enhances the rate that bacteria in solution are killed. It has been discovered that the antibacterial action of silver electrodes is greatly improved if the electrodes are covered with silver nanorods.[21]
In animals and humans, silver accumulates in the body.[22] Chronic intake of silver products can result in an accumulation of silver or silver sulfide particles in the skin. As in photography (where silver is used due to its reactivity with light), these particles in the skin darken with exposure to sunlight, resulting in a blue or gray discoloration of the skin. This condition is known as argyria; similarly, it can lead to silver in the eye (argyrosis) and in other organs.[13] Localized argyria can occur as a result of topical use of substances containing silver, while generalized argyria results from the ingestion of such substances.[23] Argyria is generally believed to be irreversible, with the only practical method of minimizing its cosmetic disfigurement being to avoid the sun,[24] but laser therapy has been used to treat it with satisfactory cosmetic results.[25][26] The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) describes argyria as a "cosmetic problem",[27], but medical literature from 1935 and 1940, when argyria occurred as an adverse reaction to colloidal silver preparations prescribed by physicians, emphasise it is socially debilitating.[28][29] While argyria is usually benign and limited to skin discoloration, there are isolated reports of more serious neurologic, renal, or hepatic complications.[23][30] One death has been reported in the medical literature which the authors felt was due to silver toxicity. In that case a 71-year-old man developed status epilepticus after repeated oral ingestion of colloidal silver.[31]
Generally, "silver exhibits low toxicity in the human body, and minimal risk is expected due to clinical exposure,"[13] when silver or silver compounds are used in the treatment of external infections or in medical appliances. The reference dose, published by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in 1991, which recommends the estimated daily exposure which is unlikely to incur a appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime, is 5 µg/kg/d; meaning 5 microgram of silver per kilo of weight per person each day – about 1 liter of 10 ppm colloidal silver per month for a 66kg person.[32]
Colloidal silver preparations primarily deliver inactive metallic silver, rather than the active microbicidal silver ion.[24] There is no scientific evidence to support the effectiveness of colloidal silver in vivo.[2] Some in vitro studies demonstrate an anti-bacterial effect of colloidal silver,[33] although one study in 2004 of a colloidal silver solution marketed on the Internet showed no such antimicrobial activity.[34]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloidal_silver
Argyria Photos
http://rosemaryjacobs.com/argyria_photos_intro.html
偽科學法典關於膠狀銀是錯的
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