30年來最寒冷的天氣標誌著一系列極端冬天 的開始

30年來最寒冷的天氣標誌著一系列極端冬天 的開始
Coldest weather in 30 years marks the start of a series of extreme winters
After enduring the coldest winter for 30 years, you might have been hoping for some respite from the cold weather.
在忍受過 30年最冷的冬天後，你可能從冷天氣中已在期望一些喘息。
By Laura Roberts
Published: 9:00AM BST 15 Apr 2010

However, scientists are now warning that Britain can expect to endure a series of extreme winters - the like of which have not seen for more than 300 years.
然而，科學家們現正警告，英國可預期要忍受一系列的極端冬季 - 類似這些的已沒看過超過 300年。
Researchers have found that low solar activity - marked by a decrease in the sun's magnetic field - influences the weather conditions across northern Europe.
研究人員已發現，低太陽活動 - 特點是太陽的磁場減少- 影響天氣情況橫跨北歐。
The last time the sun showed similar behaviour, between 1650 and 1700, temperatures dropped so low that Londoners were able to skate and hold fairs on the iced-over River Thames. 上一次太陽煞顯示類似行為，是在1650年和1700年之間，氣溫下降如此低，因此倫敦人能夠在泰晤士河的冰上溜冰和舉辦廟會。

According to a study published today, we are moving into "an era of low solar activity which is likely to result in UK winter temperatures more like those at the end of the Seventeenth Century."
根據今天公佈的一項研究，我們正在進入“一個低太陽活動的時代，有可能導致英國冬天的溫度更似在17世紀末那些。”
According to Mike Lockwood, one of the main researchers, the latest winter marks the start of a Maunder minimum - when solar activity falls for a prolonged time.
據主要研究人員之一的邁克洛克伍德，最新的冬天標誌著一個莫德最低的開始 - 當太陽活動下降已在延長時間。
The sun's magnetic field is thought to influence the jet stream - a fast-moving, high altitude current of air which moves eastwards at 35,000ft over the Atlantic.
太陽的磁場被認為會影響噴射流 - 一快速移動、高海拔的空氣流，它向東移動在大西洋上空三萬五千呎。
During the famously cold winters of the late 1600s the mild westerly winds were blocked and replaced by much colder blasts from the north-east - bringing Arctic conditions with them.
在那著名的1600年代後期的寒冷冬季期間，溫和的西風受阻，和被從東北來冷得多的疾風取代 - 把北極的情况帶來給他們。
The link between weaker solar activity and cold winters was made after experts found similarities between early weather records and this year's data.
弱太陽活動和寒冷冬天之間的聯繫被做出，在專家們發現早期天氣記錄和今年的數據相似。
"This year's winter in the UK has been the fourteenth coldest in the last 160 years and yet the global average temperature for the same period has been the fifth highest," said Prof Lockwood, a space physicist at the University of Reading's department of meteorology. "We have discovered that this kind of anomaly is significantly more common when solar activity is low," he added. "Temperatures should not fall as low as they did in 1684 but we can expect an increased number of cold winters."

Experts from Germany, Korea and the UK's Science and Technology Facilities Council also contributed to the paper published in the journal Environmental Research Letters.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/climatechange/7589931/Coldest-weather-in-30-years-marks-the-start-of-a-series-of-extreme-winters.html

天文學家認為近來太陽正進入新的活躍周期