Climate funding may need taxes on flight tickets, forex deals: U.N. report
Published: Nov 6, 2010 14:46 IST
Special Correspondent
Translation by Autumnson Blog
AP A video projected on a floating cube illustrates projected level of CO2 emissons. File Photo美聯社- 一段視頻投影在一浮動的立方體，說明二氧化碳排放的預測水平。檔案照片
Taxes on international flights, shipping and financial transactions, as well as a global carbon price of $20 to $25 may be key to annually mobilising $100 billion in climate funding by 2020, according to the United Nations high level advisory group on climate change financing which submitted its report in New York on Friday.
在國際航班、航運和金融交易上徵收稅項，以及全球碳價格 20美元至25美元，可能是關鍵對2020年時每年籌集 1,000億美元的氣候資金，根據聯合國對氣候變化融資的高級別諮詢小組，它上週五在紐約提交它報告。
At UN climate summit held in Copenhagen last year, developed countries committed to a goal of jointly mobilising $100 billion per year to meet the needs of developing countries with regard to climate change mitigation and adaptation. The 21-member advisory group set up to chart a course to meet this goal includes Planning Commission Deputy Chairman Montek Singh Ahluwalia, as well as British Prime Minister Gordon Brown, economist Nicholas Stern and financier George Soros.
在一去年在哥本哈根舉行的聯合國氣候變化峰會，發達國家承擔目標去共同調動每年一千億美元，以滿足發展中國家在氣候變化減緩和適應的需要。 21個成員國的諮詢小組成立去詳細計劃過程以達到這一目標，包括計劃委員會副主席蒙特克辛格阿盧瓦利亞、以及英國首相白高敦、經濟學家尼古拉斯斯特恩和金融家喬治索羅斯。
Terming the target as “challenging but feasible,” the report says that financing could come from both public and private sources.
定名目標為“可行的挑戰，”報告說融資可來自公共和私人的來源。
“If we are to reach this goal, we will need a mix of new public sources, a scaling-up of existing public sources and increased private flows. A carbon price in the range of $20-25 by 2020 will be important to meet the goal,” it said. While carbon trades at about that level in the European market today, many other developed countries – significantly, the United States – have resisted any move to put a price on carbon. However, this could potentially raise $30 billion per year, and would also provide incentives for further mitigation actions, according to the advisory group.
The report also called for exploring revenue sources such as international carbon taxes. This could mean a tax or trading system for the fuel emissions of international airlines or merchant ships, or even a fee on passenger air tickets, which has the potential to raise $10 billion per year. Taxing forex transactions could garner another $10 billion. Further carbon taxes in developed countries and redeploying fossil fuel subsidies could be other sources of funding.
The report will be discussed at the next U.N. climate summit to be held in Cancun, Mexico, later this month. Concrete pledges and action on climate funding is seen as crucial to the negotiations to be held there. “Without an agreement on finance we won't reach an agreement on climate,” warned the Norwegian Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg, a co-chair of the advisory group.
“This is not about charity. It is about doing the right thing for those who are suffering most from a crisis that they did least to cause,” said U.N. Secretary-General Ban ki-Moon, while accepting the report.
http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/article870689.ece?css=print
希臘總理終於說了：碳稅衹是另一種方法來提升收入
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