天文學家稱外星人不會使用武力侵犯地球
2010年05月04日10:16
據國外媒體報道，英國著名物理學家斯蒂芬·霍金25日警告說，如果外星人知道人類存在並入侵地球，人類將面臨滅絕危險。外星人真的會入侵地球嗎？如果真有這種可能性，他們又將採取何種方式？
在科幻小說和科幻影片中，外星人曾對人類實施各種各樣的犯罪和屠殺。他們瘋狂地進攻我們的飛船，野蠻地綁架我們的同胞，毫無人性地對我們進行各種實驗，並且還將可怕而致命的死亡射線對准我們的藍色家園。但一些致力於探索聯系外星人可能性的專家表示，人類根本沒有什麼好擔憂的。
參與“搜尋地外文明”(SETI)計劃的資深天文學家賽思·肖斯塔克在接受太空網姐妹期刊《生命的小秘密》(Life's Little Mysteries)採訪時表示：“在電影中，外星人來到地球隻有兩個原因，一個就是尋找他們無法在自己的星球上獲取的資源，另一個就是利用我們進行育種實驗。”這些想定源於我們最原始的恐懼，我們害怕失去自己賴以生存或者無法再生的資源。
肖斯塔克指出，認為外星人可能做這些事情也是一種符合邏輯的想法，太空旅行畢竟需要投入大量人力、物力和財力。他說：“地球上所有的一切，他們都可以在自己的星球上找到。”如果地球上存在一種他們無法在自己的家園獲取的資源，他們可以選擇更容易的方式獲取或者制造這種資源，而不是千裡迢迢來到地球。
肖斯塔克認為，如果一個地外文明擁有足以進行星際航行的技術，他們也同樣會研制出更為先進的機器人。如果希望對地球進行探索，他們更有可能派遣機器人而不是親自出馬。他說：“真到了那一天，我們不太可能看到艙門打開后從裡面走出一個怪模怪樣的外星人，更有可能是一個機械臂。”
美國宇航局艾姆斯研究中心太空部門負責人大衛·莫裡森表示，與外星人取得聯系的可能性極低。任何可能出現的聯系都會以無線電波的形式，從一個文明發送到另一個文明。莫裡森說：“我們一直在接收無線電信號。我們可以作出這樣一個假設，任何被我們接收到無線電信號的文明都要比我們更為先進。”
這位負責人指出，從上個世紀開始，我們才擁有接收和發送無線電信號的技術。如果一顆距離地球數百或者數千光年的行星發出的無線電信號被我們接收到，這個文明的先進程度一定超過人類。莫裡森懷疑先進的地外文明可能對人類的存在構成威脅。他說：“有人一度認為，如果一個文明能夠存在數十萬年，它一定能解決我們面臨的一系列問題。我也希望如此。”
科幻小說作家杰克·麥克德維特表示，即使存在外星人，即使他們知道人類存在並且能夠來到地球，他們也不可能派遣軍隊或者用於攻擊地球的武器裝備。麥克德維特說：“如果外星人派遣一支軍隊入侵人類，他們搭乘的飛船要在太空航行數年才能抵達地球，這顯然不太可能。”
雖然人類與外星人之間的聯系成為麥克德維特眾多科幻著作的一個主要內容，但他並不認為可能發生這種事情。他指出，外星人到達地球需要相當長時間，任何具備這種能力的地外文明都不希望使用武力。與擔心外星人入侵相比，我們還有更多更值得擔憂的問題。(來源：新浪科技 秋凌)
（責任編輯：魏艷）
http://scitech.people.com.cn/BIG5/11512997.html
霍金外星人警告 引發天文學界巨大爭議
專家不贊同霍金觀點 稱外星人不會武力侵犯地球
2010年05月04日09:59
英國著名物理學家斯蒂芬·霍金25日警告說，如果外星人知道人類存在並入侵地球，人類將面臨滅絕危險。外星人真的會入侵地球嗎？如果真有這種可能性，他們又將採取何種方式？
在科幻小說和科幻影片中，外星人曾對人類實施各種各樣的犯罪和屠殺。他們瘋狂地進攻我們的飛船，野蠻地綁架我們的同胞，毫無人性地對我們進行各種實驗，並且還將可怕而致命的死亡射線對准我們的藍色家園。但一些致力於探索聯系外星人可能性的專家表示，人類根本沒有什麼好擔憂的。
參與“搜尋地外文明”(SETI)計劃的資深天文學家賽思·肖斯塔克在接受太空網姐妹期刊《生命的小秘密》(Life's Little Mysteries)採訪時表示：“在電影中，外星人來到地球隻有兩個原因，一個就是尋找他們無法在自己的星球上獲取的資源，另一個就是利用我們進行育種實驗。”這些想定源於我們最原始的恐懼，我們害怕失去自己賴以生存或者無法再生的資源。
肖斯塔克指出，認為外星人可能做這些事情也是一種符合邏輯的想法，太空旅行畢竟需要投入大量人力、物力和財力。他說：“地球上所有的一切，他們都可以在自己的星球上找到。”如果地球上存在一種他們無法在自己的家園獲取的資源，他們可以選擇更容易的方式獲取或者制造這種資源，而不是千裡迢迢來到地球。
肖斯塔克認為，如果一個地外文明擁有足以進行星際航行的技術，他們也同樣會研制出更為先進的機器人。如果希望對地球進行探索，他們更有可能派遣機器人而不是親自出馬。他說：“真到了那一天，我們不太可能看到艙門打開后從裡面走出一個怪模怪樣的外星人，更有可能是一個機械臂。”
美國宇航局艾姆斯研究中心太空部門負責人大衛·莫裡森表示，與外星人取得聯系的可能性極低。任何可能出現的聯系都會以無線電波的形式，從一個文明發送到另一個文明。莫裡森說：“我們一直在接收無線電信號。我們可以作出這樣一個假設，任何被我們接收到無線電信號的文明都要比我們更為先進。”
這位負責人指出，從上個世紀開始，我們才擁有接收和發送無線電信號的技術。如果一顆距離地球數百或者數千光年的行星發出的無線電信號被我們接收到，這個文明的先進程度一定超過人類。莫裡森懷疑先進的地外文明可能對人類的存在構成威脅。他說：“有人一度認為，如果一個文明能夠存在數十萬年，它一定能解決我們面臨的一系列問題。我也希望如此。”
科幻小說作家杰克·麥克德維特表示，即使存在外星人，即使他們知道人類存在並且能夠來到地球，他們也不可能派遣軍隊或者用於攻擊地球的武器裝備。麥克德維特說：“如果外星人派遣一支軍隊入侵人類，他們搭乘的飛船要在太空航行數年才能抵達地球，這顯然不太可能。”
雖然人類與外星人之間的聯系成為麥克德維特眾多科幻著作的一個主要內容，但他並不認為可能發生這種事情。他指出，外星人到達地球需要相當長時間，任何具備這種能力的地外文明都不希望使用武力。與擔心外星人入侵相比，我們還有更多更值得擔憂的問題。(秋凌)
來源：新浪科技
（責任編輯：劉向（實習））
http://scitech.people.com.cn/BIG5/11512584.html
前國防部長辯護外星人，說霍金是錯的
Ex-defence minister defends aliens, says Hawking wrong
The Canadian Press
Date: Sunday May. 2, 2010 3:32 PM ET
MONTREAL — Stephen Hawking's warnings of an alien invasion have prompted a vigorous defence of extraterrestrials by their most prominent Canadian fan.
Former federal defence minister Paul Hellyer, 86, believes not only that aliens have visited Earth but also that they have contributed greatly to human technological advances.
So he can't quite understand why the world renowned astrophysicist views them with such trepidation; Hawking recently warned that malevolent aliens could lead to the destruction of humanity.
The longtime cabinet minister accuses Hawking of spreading misinformation about extraterrestrials.
"I think he's indulging in some pretty scary talk there that I would have hoped would not come from someone with such an established stature," Hellyer said in an interview.
"I think it's really sad that a scientist of his repute would contribute to what I would consider more misinformation about a vast and very important subject."
Hawking speculates in a new documentary that most extraterrestrial life will be similar to microbes, or small animals -- but he adds that advanced life forms may be "nomads, looking to conquer and colonize" new planets.
Hellyer served in the Liberal cabinets of Louis St. Laurent, Lester Pearson and Pierre Trudeau, later crossed the floor to the Conservative party, and eventually returned to the Liberals.
Hellyer, who ran for the Liberal party leadership in 1968, has been speaking out publicly about "the star visitors" for years. His most recent speech was in Washington in April 2009.
He dismisses a suggestion that some people might find his views a little hard to believe.
"The reality is that they've (aliens) been visiting Earth for decades and probably millennia and have contributed considerably to our knowledge," Hellyer said.
He says earthlings owe a lot to their alien friends. Even that computer screen on your desk, he says, can trace its origins to spaceships.
"Microchips, for example, fiber-optics, they are just two of the many things that allegedly -- and probably for real -- came from crashed vehicles," Hellyer said.
Hellyer admits that when he was defence minister, he never got any briefings on UFOs from the military. He says he got reports of sightings, and that some of them could not be explained.
His interest in aliens goes back at least as far as 1967, Canada's centennial year.
That's the year Hellyer went to St. Paul, Alta., to officially inaugurate the world's first flying saucer landing pad which was built by the locals to celebrate the centennial.
The town continues to get about 5,000 visitors a year, with more than half making a pilgrimage to the landing pad.
Liberal Senator Colin Kenny was approached by Hellyer in late 2005 and asked to hold public hearings on Canadian exopolitics. That's the politics of how to deal with extraterrestrial contact.
Kenny, who chaired the Senate defence committee, remembers the meeting well.
"I liked Paul, I worked for him in the leadership race in 1968, and when he called me up to see me I was pleased to see him and we reminisced for a while," Kenny recalls.
"Then, wow! Out of the blue, he starts talking about extraterrestrials and how they're everywhere and they have these immense powers."
Kenny says his opinion about aliens hasn't changed since that meeting five years ago: "I think it's for the birds."
"I'm certainly not going to waste any of my time on the extraterrestrial business," Kenny said.
A past president of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada agrees there might be UFOs out there, but he's a little more hesitant about aliens. He takes Hawking's warning with a grain of salt.
"I think it's an opinion more than anything," Randy Attwood said.
"I think he may be throwing the ball out into the field, just to try to get people to actually start talking about this."
Attwood says data gathered during the exploration of Mars by unmanned spacecraft give some credence to Hawking, who is an honorary member of the astronomical society.
"All things are pointing now to life on Mars in the past, possibly when its orbit was different," he said. "It had an atmosphere, it was warmer, there was running water."
"So it's quite possible that life was in fact there -- not Martian wilder beasts or anything like that -- but multiple-cell organisms."
Attwood says given that one of Earth's closest neighbours potentially had life, it's quite possible that life, in fact, exists elsewhere in the universe.
"Whether it's single-celled or multiple-cell, or beings that are actually travelling through space, we don't know," he said.
http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20100502/stephen-hawking-aliens-canada-100502/20100502?hub=Canada
人類探索外星文明50年：多國聯手尋天外之音
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